How to generate keys in PEM formatusing the OpenSSL command line tools?
Mkjwk simple JSON Web Key generator. The service uses the device public key (uploaded before the JWT is sent) to verify the device's identity. Cloud IoT Core supports the RSA and Elliptic Curve algorithms. For details on key formats, see Public key format. Generating an RSA key. You can generate a 2048-bit RSA key pair with the following commands.
RSA keys
The JOSE standard recommends a minimum RSA key size of 2048 bits.
To generate a 2048-bit RSA private + public key pair for use in RSxxx and PSxxxsignatures:
Elliptic Curve keys
To generate an EC key pair the curve designation must be specified. Note thatJOSE ESxxx signatures require P-256, P-384 and P-521 curves (see theircorresponding OpenSSL identifiers below).
Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES256 signatures:
Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES384 signatures:
Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES512 signatures:
PEM key parsing in Java
The BouncyCastle library provides a simpleutility to parse PEM-encoded keys in Java, to use them for JWS or JWE later.
For Maven you should include the following BouncyCastle dependencies (where1.52 is the latest stable version as of May 2015):
Example parsing of an PEM-encoded EC key in Java:
JSON Web Keys (JWK) can be easilygenerated with the help of the Nimbus JOSE+JWT library:
Cryptographic keys can also be generated in some other environment and thenconverted into JWK format. Here is an example howto import a key generated with OpenSSL.
You can also check out the command line JWK generator by JustinRicher built with this library.
RSA key pair
The only required parameter to generate an RSA key pair is the key length,which should be at least 2048 bits. There is an alternative constructor in caseyou need to generate weak keys.
The JWK format allows the key to be decorated with metadata. An important pieceof metadata is the key ID ('kid'), for key identification in databases andenabling key rollover. The usage parameter ('use') indicates the key'sintended purpose - signing or encryption.
An RSA key pair can also be generated with the standard Java cryptographicfacilities and then converted to JWK format:
Generate Rsa Key Pair For Jwt Mac
A generated RSA key pair in JWK format:
EC key pair
Elliptic Curve (EC) keys are based on curves with specific mathematicalproperties. The JOSE WG adopted three standardcurves for EC keys and ECoperations with the following designations: P-256, P-384 and P-521.
To generate an EC key pair specify its curve:
Generate Rsa Private Key Windows
To generate an EC key pair with the standard Java facilities and convert it toJWK format:
A generated EC P-256 key pair in JWK format:
Octet key pair
Octet key pairs are used to represent Edwards curve keys. They bear the JWKtype designation 'OKP' and are used for JSON Web Signatures (JWS) with Ed25519/ Ed448 and JSON Web Encryption (JWE) with ECDH with X25519 / X448.
Starting with v6.0 the Nimbus JOSE+JWT library can generate OKP JWKs with anEd25519 or X25519 curve with help of the optionalTink dependency. Edwards curve cryptographyis not supported by the standard Java JCA yet. For v6.0 of Nimbus JOSE+JWT theMaven dependency for Tink would be
To generate an OKP JWK just specify the name of the Edwards curve and any keymetadata required by your application:
Example Ed25519 key in JWK format:
Octet sequence key
The octet sequence JWK format is intended for representing secret keys, such askeys for use in HMAC and AES. A secret key is essentially a random array ofbytes that cannot be practically guessed.
HMAC key
HMAC computation requires a secret key which length must match the size of theoutput hash. You can also use longer keys, but they will be truncated.
To a generate a secret 256-bit JWK for HS216:
You can also use Java's SecureRandomor the dedicated KeyGeneratorto generate the key bytes and then use the bytes to create a JWK:
Example secret key in JWK format:
AES keyGenerate Rsa Keys For Jwt
Symmetric JWE requires an AES key. For example, directencryption with A128GCM requires a 128 bit AES key.
Java Generate Rsa Key Pair
As with HMAC above, you can use the provided the OctetSequenceKeyGeneratoror Java's standardKeyGenerator.
To generate a 128-bit AES JWK directly:
Generate Rsa Key Pair Online
To generate the AES key using Java's standard facility, then convert to JWKformat:
Example 128 bit AES key as JWK:
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